Friday, September 28, 2007

The History And Development Of Penicillin

Penicillin has been in existence since the early 1900’s and we have been using it to help treat and cure bacterial infections since then, but it was not developed deliberately. It was actually discovered by accident by a scientist in Scotland named Sir Alexander Fleming in 1928.

While conducting some experiments in his laboratory in London, he noticed that a dish of Staphylococcus had been cross-contaminated with Penicillium notatum. The penicillium inhibited the growth of the bacteria in a semicircle and he believed in the beginning that this was the discovery of a simple disinfectant. He saw that it was effective, but was not very toxic. He did not realize just how important his discovery was at the time and the use of penicillin as a drug did not really start until after 1939. Infectious bacteria was not much of a match for the new drug, but at the time Britain was in the middle of World War II and did not have the money that was required to make the large amount of penicillin that was required in order to do more clinical studies on its usefulness. It soon asked the United States for assistance on the matter.

Soon after a lab in Peoria agreed to assist with the production of the penicillin, a search began to find the most appropriate strain of Penicillium notatum. A strain that multiplied quickly was needed and not too long after a worldwide search began, the strain they were looking for was found in a cantaloupe in a market next to the lab that had agreed to assist the Oxford lab to produce the penicillin in the first place.

By around the end of 1941, a mold nutrition expert named Andrew J. Moyer was able to multiply the production of penicillin by about 10 times and by 1943, penicillin was finally approved by public use. In the beginning, doses of penicillin were very expensive, but as it became more common, the doses went down in price significantly finally settling around fifty cents per dose in the mid 1940’s.

Unfortunately, there are some people that have been found to have an allergic reaction to penicillin and cannot be treated with it in the case of bacterial infection like other people can. If you are allergic to penicillin, it is possible that your child may also be allergic, so if your girlfriend or wife is expecting, you should notify your spouse’s doctor of your allergy.

Jim Corkern is a writer and promoter of quality
Connecticut flood water damage restoration and other states and cities such as
South Carolina Sewage Damage Clean-up companies across the united states.

Mold Can Hurt Your Pets Health

If you have mold in your place of residence and you are a healthy adult that is not responsible for the health of anyone else, you might think that it is alright to continue living there until you can afford to have the mold removed professionally. But, while there may be no other humans that you are responsible for, do you have any pets? If you do, you might want to reconsider allowing your pet to stay with you until you can have the mold removed. Our pets are particularly at risk for developing mold-related health complications.

Something that has recently come under fire is the use of dogs to detect mold in homes and other buildings. This is not only ineffective compared to other methods, but it is also very harmful to the health of the dog. By the time the health complications of the dog show as symptoms, it is often too late to do anything about it and the animal must be euthanized. These dogs are trained to deliberately inhale mold spores, which is something that humans are repeatedly told NOT to do. Humans are told that they should always wear respirators when having anything to do with mold, so why would it make any sense to use a dog to do this job when there are other methods that are so much more effective? A dog cannot tell you what kind of mold you are dealing with, how toxic it may be, or in what quantity it exists in the home.

Dogs have not only been shown to contract aspergillosis from contact with mold, but also other conditions such as blastomycosis.

Aspergillosis can form as allergic reactions involving coughing up blood, fever, and weight loss, among some other symptoms, but it can also show up as the growth of fungus in different cavities of the body both in humans and in pets. Aspergilloma often have no symptoms at all and when they do finally surface, their symptoms can also include the coughing up of blood along with other symptoms of aspergillosis.

Blastomycosis is caused by Blastomyces dermatitidis and it occurs more in large male dogs that are of hunting breeds than most others, however, all dogs are at risk. It has been known to cause pets to develop pneumonia, other respiratory infections, and skin infections.

If you suspect mold in your home, think not only of your own and your family’s health, but also of your pets. They are some of the most at risk.



Jim Corkern is a writer and promoter of quality
New York water damage restoration and other states and cities such as
New York Basement Water Removal companies across the united states.

How To Keep Mold From Calling Your Fridge Home

Finding mold growing in your refrigerator is something that we cannot usually avoid, because mold exists everywhere we are and it grows on dead organic materials, just like what we keep in our refrigerator. There are ways, however, to reduce the amount of mold that will grow in your refrigerator.

You should take inventory of your refrigerator and anything that is outdated beyond use should be thrown away because if mold is not growing on it now, it will eventually. The sooner that you forget an outdated item is in your refrigerator, the sooner mold will begin to grow inside it and spread to other items nearby. The spread of mold in this way is especially true of fruits and vegetables that are often stored in a bin on top of each other. One infected item can affect the whole bin and make it inedible. It is best to go through these items as often as possible to make sure anything contaminated is removed.

When you bring fruits and vegetables home from the grocery store, we often have them in the plastic bags that we used in the produce section to pack them in. You should probably remove these items from the bags in order to reduce the amount of condensation they are exposed to. Condensation will build up inside the bag as water evaporates and mold will begin to grow.

Cleaning the refrigerator regularly is also essential to slow the growth of mold. Everything in the refrigerator should be washed thoroughly and since no surface inside it should be porous, using chlorine bleach to wash the inside should be fine to assist in removing any mold that has begun to grow. Whatever you choose to clean your refrigerator with, please do not mix household chemicals when cleaning your home. The results can be harmful or even deadly if you mix the wrong two, such as bleach and ammonia.

Before you really start cleaning it out, take the light bulb out of your fridge because they are not made to be left on for more than a few minutes and will possibly burn out if you leave the refrigerator door open for too long.

After you are done washing the inside of the refrigerator, take a few minutes and go through everything as mentioned earlier and throw out anything that you think is too old. Washing down the outside of the refrigerator is also a good idea.



Jim Corkern is a writer and promoter of quality
Connecticut water damage contractors and other states and cities such as
Chicago mold remediation companies across the united states.